Validation of Effective Force Testing

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   To further validate the viability of Effective force testing (EFT), a one-story steel structure consisting of typical structural components was tested using a shake table and the EFT method. Forces (effective forces and applied forces) and structural responses are compared to evaluate the EFT method. The comparison of the test results indicate that the EFT method can be used to apply real-time seismic simulation to structures undergoing large nonlinear deformation with proper velocity feedback compensation.

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Pre-test

1. Static loading test to determine the structural stiffness
2. Free vibration test to identify the natural frequency and damping properties
3. Typical damper behavior

Tests with large damping (8%)

1. Tests simulating 0.55g Northridge earthquake ground motion

Tests with small damping (0.25%)

1. Tests simulating 0.3g El Centro earthquake ground motion

Tests with he minimum required damping (2%)

1. Tests with 2-kip sine wave sweep effective force command