Week 11: RELIGION

Tuesday:

Music:

Dies irae (“Day of Wrath;” 13th cent.; 6:29 min.):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fMHms5Cvsw

Readings:

Bartlett, England under the Norman and Angevin Kings, pp. 442-460 (concepts of the holy; devotion)

Glossary for Magna Carta (useful generally for legal terminology of early 13th-century England)

Maps:

The Angevin “Empire”:
http://www.heritage-history.com/maps/philips/phil035.jpg

Henry III’s territories:
http://www.heritage-history.com/maps/gardiner/gard012.jpg

Medieval England and Wales:
http://www.heritage-history.com/maps/philips/phil034.jpg

Wales and the Marches in the Thirteenth Century:
http://www.heritage-history.com/maps/philips/phil036c.jpg

Map of England by Matthew Paris
http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/takingliberties/images/319matthewparismapbig.jpg

Topics:

Hallowing (of sacred spaces and objects, with holy ashes, salt, oil, wine)
Exorcism (expulsion of demons and evil spirits)
Holy oil used in baptism, oil to anoint the sick, and chrism (oil mixed with balsam): all hallowed by bishops on Maundy Thursday
Incense (fumes drive off evil spirits)
Holy gestures (including breathing and making sign of cross)
Sanctuary (provides immunity from execution or mutilation)
Pollution (e.g., by blood, death, or childbirth)
Cursing (including excummunication and interdict)
Divine Office [in Latin only] (Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers, Compline)
7 Sacraments (baptism, confirmation, penance, eucharist, marriage, ordination, extreme unction)
Transubstantiation [made doctrine by 4th Lateran Council, 1215] (laity took communion only of wafer, not wine)
Sermons (in Latin, French, or English; preaching manuals with model sermons were written for parish priests to use)
Confession (clergy urged people to confess at least three times a year, at Easter, Whitsun [Pentecost], and Christmas; [Lateran IV
required confession at least once a year, at Easter, on pain of excommunication;] most people confessed once a year, on Maundy Thursday)
Forms of penance most commonly included vigils, fasting, prayer, alms-giving, but might include pilgrimage or harsher physical penalties
Original Sin
Purgatory
Bible ownership was rare for individuals and even for parish churches

Images:

Purgatory (English: BL, Add. MS 37049, fol. 24v, 15th cent.)
Last Judgement, from Autun Cathedral (12th cent.), with detail of weighing of souls
Jaws of Hell (12 C. window), and Sinful Clergy Boiling in Hell, from the original chancel screen (now displayed in the crypt), Bourges Cathedral
“Doom” (Last Judgement, Coventry, 15th cent.), and details
“Doom” on boards (Wenhaston, Suffolk, c. 1480; probably from the Augustinian priory of Blythburgh)

Video:

Robert Bartlett, Inside the Medieval Mind: Belief (56:30 min.):

Turchill’s vision of the afterlife: 7:00-9:52 min.; devils: 11:26-14:13 min.; angels: 14:14-17:00; Apocalypse, the Church: 17:01-19:41
http://www.veoh.com/watch/v18676335qAhB2bKw

 

Topics:

Saints and their cults
Relics
Pilgrimage
Dissent and heresy
Hagiographical accounts as sources for daily life (e.g., the accounts of the women who washed laundry and baked bread on Saturday afternoon)

Video: Robert Bartlett, Inside the Medieval Mind: Belief (56:30 min.):

19:50-22:55, monasticism
22:57-24:11, parish churches and the sacraments
24:11-26:40, the cult of the dead
26:41-28:20, the cult of saints
28:21-29:07, a judgement by ordeal
29:08-29:50, St William saves a woman convicted by ordeal
29:51-38:00, relics and pilgrimage
38:01-39:30, fraudulent miracles
39:31-48:27, Crusades; anti-Semitism
http://www.veoh.com/watch/v18676335qAhB2bKw