Music:

Carmina Burana: “Bacche, Bene Venies” (performed the The Drolls; 3:29 min.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t4WVh1RIG0c

Carmina Burana: Carmina gulatorum et potatorum (1:11:49 min.):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPZ-Cflb38Q

Carmina Burana: “O varium fortune” (performed by Corvus Corvax; 6:29 min.):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AjfiiR6oaNs

Gaudeamus igitur (with full Latin lyrics and English translation, 3:29 min.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLUKfU2AOBY&NR=1&feature=endscreen

Gaudeamus igitur (sung in Latin by the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Male Choir, in the Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory, on 22 May 2007, the choir’s 50th anniversary, 2:05 min.):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sR8dPYDQ6U

Gaudeamus igitur (sung in Latin by a student choir for graduation ceremonies at the Sekolah Tinggi Akuntansi
Negara [State College of Accountancy], Indonesia, 2010; 2:11 min.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQvHUwx6Rn0&feature=related

Gaudeamus igitur as the anthem of the International University Sports Federation (sung in Latin, at the Universiade in,
Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, summer 2013, 7:01 min.; start at 5:38 min.):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZagvlS4FHE

Gaudeamus igitur (sung in Latin by the University of Illinois’ Varsity Men’s Glee Club, 1:36 min.):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4pOitHlghW0

Gaudeamus igitur (sung in Latin by students of the University of Indonesia, 2011 4:11 min.):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R5ZVKfZpyeE

Readings:

Bartlett, England under the Norman and Angevin Kings, pp. 506-525 (Education and High Learning)

• The 7 Liberal Arts:
  • Trivium (grammar, rhetoric, logic)
  • Quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music)
• Many schools: parochial, cathedral, and monastic
• Rise of “the Schools” in 12 C. (esp. at Paris, Bologna, and Salerno), and evolution of corporate universities (including Oxford and Cambridge), with chancellors and statutes, in early 13 C.
• Advanced “Schools” and university subjects: theology, law (canon and Roman), and medicine
• Reference books included:
  • Glossa ordinaria (“Ordinary Gloss”: encyclopedia of passages commenting on the Bible, compiled in N. France in early 12 C.)
  • Peter Lombard’s Sentences (theological textbook, compiled in Paris c. 1150)
  • Corpus Iuris Civilis (encyclopedia of Roman law, compiled at the order of the emperor Justintinian in Constantinope in the mid 500s)
  • Gratian’s Decretum (encyclopedia of canon law, compiled c. 1140)
  • Gregory IX’s Decretals (encyclopedia of papal edicts, compiled 1234)
  • Translations into Latin of the works of Aristotle and of some of the great scholarly works in Arabic (philosophy and science)
• Biblical study focused on analysis of the four “senses” of scripture:
  • historical/literal (what is the historical meaning or context of this word or passage?)
  • tropological (what moral lesson can be learned from this word or passage?)
  • allegorical (symbolic meanings of words or passages as concerning the Church and Christians in the present day)
  • anagogical (symbolic meanings of words or passages as concerning God and the end of time)

Dialogue:

Magistra: Benedicite, discipuli!

Discipuli: Benedicite, magistra!

Magistra: Quando magistra tua entrat cameram studii, omnes discipuli debent stare. State, discipuli!

Discipuli: [Omnes stant.] Bene, magistra.

Magistra: Bene, discipuli. Nunc, sedete. [Discipuli sedent.] Hodie, studeamus numeros in lingua latina. Unus, due, tres . . . Dicete, discipuli.

Discipuli: Unus, due, tres . . .

Magistra: Bene. Nunc, scribeamus numeros. Unus est “i”; quinque est “v”; decem est “x”; et cetera. Quis potest scribere “centum quindecim?

Images:

Starting school (15th cent.)

Boys in school (Manessa Codex, c. 1300)

Hornbook (English, post-medieval)

Writing styli and board for wax writing tablet from medieval Novgorod

The wax tablets of the city of Torun (Poland), c. 1250-1530

Girl holding hornbook or wax tablet and children holding hornbooks or wax tablets (frescoes in St. Vigil unter Weineck, c. 1385-1390)

Using wax tablets

Ivory writing tablets (c. 1320)

University students at a lecture (Bologna)