Confidential, Anonymous Assessment of Perinatal Substance Use
Collecting pilot data on the feasibility of assessing perinatal substance use using confidential/anonymous methodologies in southeastern Wisconsin
Will inquire about sociodemographics, perinatal outcomes, behavioral health, history/severity of substance use (e.g., TAPS tools, 5 P’s), experiences with harm reduction and treatment, and opinions regarding perinatal substance use
Utilization of Wisconsin Interactive Statistics on Health (WISH) Query System
Birth Certificate Data
Currently on-going, examining overall race/ethnicity trends in all births, low birthweight (<2500g), and preterm deliveries (<37 weeks gestation)
Correlates of interest include: smoking status (yes vs. no), smoking category (never smoker, quit pre-pregnancy, quit 1st trimester, quit 2nd trimester, consistently smoked all pregnancy, intermittently smoked all pregnancy), educational attainment, pay status for delivery (private insurance, Medicaid/Badgercare, self-pay)
Overdose Deaths
Lopez, Alexa A. PhD; Luebke, Jeneile M. PhD; Redner, Ryan PhD; Abusbaitan, Hanan RN; Tarima, Sergey PhD. Substance Use Overdose Deaths Among Black and Indigenous Women in Wisconsin: A Review of Death Certificate Data From 2018 to 2020. Journal of Addiction Medicine (online publication) doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000001260, January 5, 2024.
Comparing mortality rates between Black, Indigenous, and White women of reproductive age
Knowledge gaps in overdose mortality rates in ethnic minority women as overall rates substantially rise nationally and in Wisconsin, and the need to address the intersectionality of factors such as gender, race, and age in developing innovative prevention, treatment, and harm reduction methods.
These findings will inform efforts to decrease the rising overdose deaths in these populations as the opioid epidemic continues to rise throughout the state.
Results:
Death rates (per 100,000) in 2018:
14.1 (12.6–15.5) for White women, 20.8 (14.7–26.9) for Black women, and 26.5 (10.0–42.9) for Indigenous women
Death rates (per 100,000) in 2020:
Increased to 16.4 (14.8–17.9), 32.5 (25.0–40.0), and 59.9 (35.8–84.0) for White, Black, and Indigenous women, respectively.
Regression findings:
Being Black or Indigenous and aged 15 to 44 or 45 to 64 years were significantly more likely to die from most causes of death (any drug, any opioid, prescription opioid, heroin, synthetic opioids, and cocaine; adjusted odds ratios > 1.25, ps < 0.001).
Secondary Analysis of Existing Perinatal Epidemiological Datasets
Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
The purpose of our first manuscript with PRAMS data is to characterize how maternal substance use, social determinants of health, and other sociodemographic characteristics affect birth outcomes in women living in Wisconsin using multivariate analysis.
Manuscript is in final preparation for peer-reviewed submission.